A recent study has utilized relativistic U(3) chiral effective field theory to investigate the interactions of charmed vector mesons with light pseudoscalar bosons. The work focused on S-wave and P-wave scattering lengths for relevant elastic channels. The obtained results align with the most recent lattice QCD data for the $I=1/2$ $D^*\pi$ S-wave scattering length at a pion mass of 391 MeV, thereby validating the estimation of low energy constants via heavy quark spin symmetry.

The research confirms that the $D_{s1}(2460)$ can be identified as a bound state pole. Conversely, the $D_1(2430)$ arises from the interplay of two distinct poles: a lower one located on the second Riemann sheet and a higher one on the third Riemann sheet. It is demonstrated that the $D_{s1}(2460)$ and the lower $D_1(2430)$ pole originate from the same SU(3) flavor triplet, whereas the higher $D_1(2430)$ pole belongs to the SU(3) sextet.

These states do not possess the nature of a conventional quark-antiquark ($\bar{q}q$) meson, as their poles flow to complex infinity in the large number of colors ($N_C$) limit. This finding is crucial for understanding the composition of exotic mesons. The results of this study provide valuable quantitative benchmarks for future lattice QCD investigations and for femtoscopic studies, which aim to analyze particle properties at extremely small length scales.