A new theoretical model proposes an expanded structure for carbon black (CB) nanoparticles that includes an interphase and tunneling zones. This approach aims to more accurately simulate the electrical conductivity of CB-based nanocomposites, a material widely used in industry due to its conductive and reinforcing properties. Traditionally, models have simplified the interaction between nanoparticles, but this proposal introduces a structural complexity that could better explain the behavior observed in real materials.

The model considers that each CB nanoparticle is not a discrete and isolated entity, but is surrounded by a layer of polymeric material forming an interphase. Furthermore, between adjacent nanoparticles, the existence of quantum tunneling zones is postulated where electrons can jump from one particle to another, even without direct physical contact. This combination of interphase and tunneling is crucial for understanding how a conductive network forms within the composite material, directly affecting its resistivity and other electrical properties.

The relevance of this work lies in its potential to optimize the design of nanocomposites with tailored electrical properties. By better understanding the conduction mechanisms at the nanometer level, researchers can develop more efficient materials for applications such as sensors, electromagnetic shielding, or flexible electronic components. The model could serve as a predictive tool for the formulation of new materials, reducing the need for intensive empirical experimentation.