A recent study has quantified how information about neutrino oscillation parameters is encoded in the quantum states of reactor antineutrinos and how this information flows through the measurement process to the detected events. Using quantum and classical Fisher information, researchers have established an "information ladder" for the JUNO (Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory) experiment, revealing that the loss of precision across different information levels is strongly parameter-dependent.

The analysis demonstrates that the JUNO configuration approaches the optimal statistical limit for solar sector oscillation parameters, such as the mixing angle $\theta_{12}$ and the mass-squared difference $\Delta m_{21}^2$. However, information on the mixing angle $\theta_{13}$ and the atmospheric mass-squared difference $\Delta m_{31}^2$ is significantly degraded by the measurement strategy and detector effects. This degradation is a critical factor to consider in the design and interpretation of future neutrino experiments.

Despite this information loss, the researchers conclude that the remaining information is sufficient for JUNO to achieve sub-percent precision on $\Delta m_{31}^2$ within six years. This finding underscores the experiment's capability to perform high-precision measurements, even under the inherent limitations of extracting quantum information in complex systems like neutrinos.